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Gary Doer
Gary Albert Doer, (born March 31, 1948) is a Canadian diplomat and politician from Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Since October 19, 2009, he has served as Canada's Ambassador to the United States. Doer previously served as the 20th Premier of Manitoba from 1999 to 2009, leading a New Democratic Party government.
==Early life and career==
Gary Doer was born to a middle class family in Winnipeg, Manitoba. His background is German and Welsh. He graduated from St. Paul's High School and went on to study political science and sociology at the University of Manitoba for one year, but left to become a corrections officer at the Vaughan Street Detention Centre. He later rose to become deputy superintendent of the Manitoba Youth Centre.〔"Profile: Gary Doer", ''Winnipeg Free Press'', 17 April 1995.〕 Doer's work environment was not always safe: he once had to deal with a hostage taking situation, and was attacked with a baseball bat on another occasion.〔Geoffrey York, "New leader of Manitoba NDP rose through union movement", ''Globe and Mail'', 31 March 1988, A4. For the date of Doer's departure from university, see David Roberts, "Doer practices for last kick at the political can", ''Globe and Mail'', 3 April 1995, A4.〕
Doer became president of the Manitoba Government Employees' Association in 1979, and served in this capacity until 1986.〔"National union of civil workers acclaims head", ''Globe and Mail'', 4 April 1979, P2.〕 He also held prominent positions with the Manitoba Federation of Labour and the National Union of Public and General Employees, served as a director of the Winnipeg Blue Bombers, and became a governor of the University of Manitoba.〔Geoffrey York, "New leader of Manitoba NDP rose through union movement", ''Globe and Mail'', 31 March 1988, A4.〕 In 1983, he negotiated an agreement with the provincial government of Howard Pawley in which civil servants agreed to delay a wage increase in return for a guarantee of no layoffs or wage rollbacks.〔"The Manitoba Government and the union representing about 12,000 civil servants ...", ''Globe and Mail'', 16 February 1983, P8; "Manitoba workers opt for job security", ''Globe and Mail'', 24 February 1983, P13.〕 The following year, he openly criticized Dennis McDermott's leadership of the Canadian Labour Congress.〔Brian Cole, "Antagonism to McDermott voiced by Doer", ''Winnipeg Free Press'', 22 October 1983.〕
Doer first joined the New Democratic Party in the 1970s, and worked for the party in the 1973 provincial election.〔Alison Mayes, "The province is his office", ''Winnipeg Free Press'', 20 May 2007, B3.〕 He discontinued his membership in 1975 to preserve the neutrality of his union, and was later courted by both the New Democrats and Progressive Conservatives to run for public office.〔Richard Cleroux and Geoffrey York, "Doer favored to win Manitoba NDP leadership race", ''Globe and Mail'', 15 March 1988, a4.〕 He rejoined the NDP in 1986, and was a candidate in that year's provincial election.〔Geoffrey York, "Filmon describes rival as a 'slick individual'", ''Globe and Mail'', 16 March 1988, A4.〕〔(Jordan Timm, "The Gary Doer phenomenon" ), Macleans, 24 May 2007, accessed 18 August 2007.〕
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